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PIONEER ENERGY


HIGH-PURITY GERMANIUM γ SPECTROMETER WITH AUTOMATIC 


SAMPLE CHANGER

I. Product Introduction 


The automatic sample-changing high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer is a complete solution based on the domestically developed GammaLIN high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer by Zhongzhi Nuclear Safety. It includes: a high-purity germanium detector, a cooling system, a digital multichannel spectrometer, a low-background lead chamber, gamma spectrum acquisition and analysis software, passive efficiency calibration software, and an automatic sample-changing device.

⚫ High-purity germanium detectors can be equipped with P-type coaxial, wide-energy, planar, and well-type detectors of varying efficiencies.


⚫ Refrigeration unit options include liquid nitrogen Dewar flasks, liquid nitrogen recondensation refrigerators, or electric refrigerators;


⚫ Digital multichannel spectrometer options include 16k, 32k, and 64k digital multichannel;

⚫ Optional non-destructive passive efficiency calibration software for radioactive samples based on laser 3D scanning modeling;

⚫ Lead chamber options include ultra-low background lead chambers and anti-cosmic ray lead chambers.
Figure 1. Overall solution for a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer with automatic sample changing device



II. Product Functions


1. High-Purity Germanium Detector

⚫ Optional P-type coaxial, wide-energy, planar, and well-type detectors with varying efficiencies are available (for P-type and wide-energy high-purity germanium detectors, detection efficiencies range from 10% to 175%. For well-type and planar detectors, detection efficiencies range from 15% to 60%).

⚫ Features real-time probe temperature monitoring to accurately determine the detector's operating status (probe temperature is monitored via an internal temperature sensor).
Figure 2 GCD-40190 high-purity germanium detector

2. Cooler and Refrigeration Unit 


Optional equipment includes a Dewar jar liquid nitrogen refrigeration system, an electric refrigeration system, or a liquid nitrogen recondensation refrigeration system.


Taking the LN-2 liquid nitrogen recondensation refrigeration unit manufactured by Beijing Zhongzhi Nuclear Safety Technology Co., Ltd. as an example, some functions are as follows:


⚫ Cooling type: Liquid nitrogen recondensation refrigeration with an electric refrigeration unit;

⚫ Able to indicate liquid nitrogen level and pressure information and generate alarms, with RS485 or USB interfaces;

⚫ Liquid nitrogen can support the detection system to operate continuously for more than seven days without power;

⚫ With continuous power supply, liquid nitrogen can support the detection system to operate continuously for more than two years;

⚫ The energy resolution of the instrument remains stable during the refrigeration process;

⚫ No low-energy noise is generated during the refrigeration process.
Figure 3 LN-2 type liquid nitrogen condensation refrigerator
3. Shielded Lead Chamber
Customization is available. Taking the optional GammaShield-3 low-background lead chamber as an example, as shown in Figure 4, its functions are as follows:
⚫ Type: Cylindrical; the lead chamber door can open both top and side simultaneously. The side-opening door uses a snap-fit latch, with a matching bracket and a ring-shaped lead plug.

⚫ Low-background material;

⚫ Adjustable height of the lead chamber bottom bracket;

⚫ Original factory-made lead chamber, professionally cast in one piece to avoid internal bubbling, ensuring uniform density and no weak points in the shielding;

⚫ Lead chamber: Evenly and smoothly coated with paint, firmly adhering and resistant to peeling;

⚫ Lead chamber bracket: Evenly and smoothly coated with paint, firmly adhering and resistant to peeling;

⚫ The lead chamber is guaranteed not to deform for 5 years (including the lead chamber bracket and door).
Figure 4  Gamma Shield-3 Type Low Background Lead Chamber


4. Multichannel Pulse Amplitude Analyzer and Electronic Instruments


Customization is available. Taking the optional Pioneer PETRONUC GammaSpectrum-1 digital multichannel analyzer as an example, as shown in Figure 5, its functions include:

⚫ Crystal temperature monitoring and high-voltage protection (high voltage is shut off based on the temperature sensor inside the detector), spectrum stabilization, and automatic voltage ramp-up;

⚫ Automatic zeroing and digitally gated baseline recovery;

⚫ Pulse anti-stacking function;

⚫ Lower Domain Level Discrimination (LLD) function, digital or channel-based, with LLD counting disabled for all channels below LLD.
Figure 5 Digital multichannel analyzer

5. Gamma Spectrum Analysis Software 


Customization is available. Taking GammaSharp Gamma Spectrum Analysis Software (V2.0) from Zhongzhi He'an as an example, this software integrates hardware control, spectrum acquisition, data analysis, report generation, and quality control. It uses fully automated analysis as its navigation tool and outputs analysis results based on selective, precise, and interactive analysis. It can run normally on any version of the Windows operating system. It has the following main functions:


⚫ Spectrometer Control: Allows for parameter settings including fine-tuning of gain, adjustment of high voltage, display of real-time/activity time, and setting of upper and lower discrimination thresholds;
⚫ Parameter setting functions, including energy calibration, efficiency calibration, nuclide identification, spectral analysis (peak finding, peak area calculation), automatic decay correction and MDA calculation, quality control functions (background subtraction, efficiency-corrected weighted average activity calculation, efficiency quality control chart, parent-daughter decay correction, cascade coincidence summation correction, etc.), and automatic or manual spectral stripping;
⚫ Efficiency Calibration: Automatically calculates the efficiency calibration curve for filter membrane samples containing dust, and can also directly call the calculation results from passive efficiency calibration software;
⚫ Peak Fitting: Features peak repetition resolution;
⚫ Activity Calculation: Offers fully automatic activity calculation;
⚫ Real-time Analysis: Real-time fitting of selected peak positions in the sidebar, real-time nuclide identification, and peak area calculation;
⚫ Energy calibration: Supports both manual calibration and fully automated calibration using a nuclide library;
⚫ Nuclide identification: Provides nuclide identification results and calculates activity, along with nuclide energy peak interference results;
⚫ Activity calculation: For different γ peaks of the same nuclide, considering both branching ratio and efficiency calibration factor, the activity is calculated using a weighted average. Nuclide values exceeding the detection limit are marked. Activity calculation provides activity results and related information for all nuclides in the nuclide library;
⚫ Detection Limits: Built-in analysis methods such as CurrieMDA, KTAMDA, PISOMDA, and Criticallevel are available for selection, with detection limits provided for each nuclide;
⚫ Quality Control: Supports nuclide activity quality control and peak drift quality control;
⚫ Information Tracking: All analysis results and parameters are saved in the spectral file;
⚫ Nuclide Library Editing: Based on ENSF (Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File), it contains spectral systems for over 3000 radioactive isotopes. It allows setting up a library of 100 commonly used nuclides and an extended library. The software includes the nuclide library and corresponding gamma-ray energy data. Users can further edit and generate custom sub-libraries. The software's nuclide library supports querying by nuclide name, mass, and energy, and supports editing of parent and daughter nuclei. Users can locate peak positions to query nuclide information during use; 

⚫ The software interface is in Chinese; 

⚫ Energy Spectrum Acquisition and Display: Features simultaneous acquisition of multiple spectra; fully automatic quantitative analysis, interactive analysis of odd peak shapes, quantitative analysis of multiple peaks (up to 20 multiple peaks);

⚫ The software has precise cascade coincidence summation correction function;
⚫ Measurement result alarm thresholds can be set;
⚫ Uncertainty Analysis: Comprehensive calculation of detection efficiency uncertainty and count rate uncertainty to provide the uncertainty of energy spectrum measurement results;
⚫ Access Control Function: User classification, hierarchical management of different user types' permissions;
⚫ Report Output: Outputs reports in TXT, PDF, HTML, and Excel formats, with customizable output formats.
Figure 6 Main interface of the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis software
6. Passive Efficiency Calibration Software

Customization is available. The optional software is Gammacalib detector passive efficiency calibration software [Gammacalib] V4.0, developed and manufactured by Beijing Zhongzhi Nuclear Safety Technology Co., Ltd. This software allows input of sample characteristic parameters (including geometric, material, and density parameters), setting of the relative position parameters between the sample and detector, and setting of the geometric and material parameters of the surrounding shielding material. Validated on 200 samples, the software's functions include:

⚫ Sample Modeling: Utilizes powerful CAD software for rapid 3D visualization modeling of volume sources of any shape, such as cylinders (coaxial and non-coaxial), Marin cups, spheres, pipes, and frustums;
⚫ The distance from the radiation source to the detector can range from 0 to infinity, and modeling can be performed at any incident angle with accurate results;
⚫ Integral control accuracy can be manually adjusted; the software default value is 3%;
⚫ Built-in measurement from H to Pu A photonic microscopic interface database containing materials such as gold, aluminum, germanium, copper, brass, magnesium, carbon fiber, polyester film, alumina, magnesium oxide, silicon, plastics, glass, water, calcium carbonate, air, alcohol, cellulose, cement, epoxy resin, fly ash (from lignite combustion), granite mineral oil, plexiglass, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, river sediments, sand (silicon dioxide), seawater (salinity 3.5%), soil (dry), and wood. Materials with arbitrary components can be defined and manually added.
⚫Efficiency Scale Curve Calculation Time:** For symmetrical sources (such as environmental samples), calculation time is less than 20 seconds. For asymmetrical sources, calculation time is generally less than 10 minutes.
⚫Access Control Function:** User classification and hierarchical access control for different user types.
⚫Data Output Software Function:** Supports data output in Excel, TXT, and PDF formats and has LIMS connectivity.
⚫Chinese Interface (Customizable)
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